STANDARDS   6 

     ANSI C   6 
     IEEE POSIX   7 
     X/Open   9 
     FIPS   10 
     Limits   12 
     sysconf, pathconf, and fpathconf Functions   14 
     getrlimit and setrlimit Functions   16 
     64-bit Architectures   18 

FILE I/O   19 

     I/O Efficiency   19 
     I/O Sharing   20 
     Synchronizing Output to Disk   22 
     Standard I/O Buffering   24 
     Standard I/O Performance   25 
     Large Files   26 
     File Truncation   30 
     File Times   30 
     Filesystems   31 

ENVIRONMENT OF A UNIX PROCESS   32 

     exit and _exit Functions   32 
     atexit Function   33 
     setjmp and longjmp Functions   34 
     Timer Functions   36 

PROCESS CONTROL   37 

     fork Function   37 
     wait and waitpid Functions   38 
     Interpreter Files   40 

PROCESS RELATIONSHIPS   42 

     Sessions   42 
     Daemon Processes   43 
     Daemon Error Logging   46 

SIGNALS   47 

     Introduction   47 
     signal Function   48 
     Terminology   49 
     Interrupted System Calls   51 
     Async-Signal-Safe Functions   53 
     Signal Sets   55 
     sigprocmask and pthread_sigmask Functions   57 
     sigaction Function   58 
     signal Function   59 
     Posix.1 Realtime Signals   61 
     sigqueue Function   62 
     pthread_kill Function   63 
     pthread_cancel Function   63 
     sigwait, sigwaitinfo, and sigtimedwait Functions   64 
     sigevent Structure   66 
     SIGCHLD and wait   67 
     sigsetjmp and siglongjmp Functions   68 
     sigsuspend Function   70 

ADVANCED I/O   74 

     I/O Models   74 
     Parallel I/O   77 
        pread and pwrite Functions   77 
     Asynchronous I/O   78 
        aio_read and aio_write Functions   79 
        aio_error and aio_return Functions   80 
        aio_suspend Function   81 
     Record Locking   82 
     Nonblocking I/O   85 
     Memory Mapped I/O   88 
        4.4BSD Anonymous Memory Mapping   92 
        SVR4 Memory Mapping of /dev/zero   93 

INTERPROCESS COMMUNICATION   94 

     Introduction   94 
     Coprocesses   95 
     System V IPC   97 
     POSIX IPC   99 
        Message Queues   100 
        Semaphores   102 
        Shared Memory   104 

PSEUDO TERMINALS   108 

     Introduction   108 
     Network Login Servers   110 
     script Program   111 

THREADS   113 

     Introduction   113 
     pthread_create Function   115 
     pthread_exit Function   115 
     pthread_join Function   116 
     pthread_detach Function   116 
     Attributes   118 
     Mutexes   119 
     Condition Variables   120 
     Read-Write Locks   121 
     Other Functions   123 
     C Libraries   124 
     Thread-Specific Data   126 
     System Call Tracing   129